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As payers move toward pay for performance and consumers begin to demand higher-quality care, the expectations that hospitals use standardized indicators to measure practitioners' competency and performance are on the rise. Experts now anticipate that data-driven measurement will eventually become a Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) requirement. The JCAHO's 2007 medical staff standards emphasize ongoing measurement of practitioner competency in the patient care, medical/clinical knowledge, practice-based learning and improvement, interpersonal and communication skills, professionalism, and systems-based practice categories.