Even though more than half of all students attending U.S. medical schools are female, the neurosurgery field is having difficulty attracting and retaining women to the profession, according to a new report. The lack of women specialists in surgery of the brain and nervous system highlights a potential problem that could lead to a shortage of neurosurgeons as a whole given the increasing role of women in medicine, say the study's authors. Female board-certified neurosurgeons currently account for less than 6% of a neurosurgical work force that numbers more than 3,000.