My son was one of the more than 12 million Americans who experience a diagnostic error each year, a number equivalent to the combined populations of New York and Los Angeles. According to a report published by the Institute of Medicine in September, almost everyone in the U.S. "will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequence." Those numbers are based on a 2014 study that found that around one out of every 20 outpatient experiences results in a misdiagnosis—people receive the wrong information about the cause of their illness, or they have treatment delayed because of an error, or they're treated for something they don't have.