New estimates underscore the importance of infection prevention, particularly among seniors.
Between 1% and 2% of New Yorkers infected with COVID-19 – including those with no or mild symptoms – died between March 1 and May 16, according to a new study.
The findings suggest that the fatality risk averaging 1.45% during that timespan is more than double the 0.7% fatality risk identified in previous studies from both China and France.
That's according to a new study from researcher at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health that was published online in medRxiv.
"These dire estimates highlight the severity of COVID-19 in elderly populations and the importance of infection prevention in congregate settings," the study authors wrote.
"Thus, early detection and adherence to infection control guidance in long-term care and adult care facilities should be a priority for COVID-19 response as the pandemic continues to unfold."
The researchers analyzed 191,392 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and 20,141 confirmed and probable COVID-19 deaths in New York City between March 1-May 16, 2020.
The analysis couples case and mortality data combined with cell phone data used to model changes in COVID-19 transmission rate due to social distancing.
Mortality risk was highest for older adults, with IFR of 4.67% for 65-74-year-olds and 13.83% for those 75 and older.
Younger people had far lower chances of dying from the disease: .011% among those younger than 25 and .12% among 25-44-year-olds.
The researchers said that their findings likely more accurately reflect the true mortality risk of the coronavirus because they rely on "robust data" collected by health officials in New York City, where specialists review all death certificates and record deaths into a unified electronic reporting system.
The study authors suggest that the death toll could be higher in areas outside of New York City, because of the city's relatively strong public health infrastructure.
"It is thus crucial that officials account for and closely monitor the infection rate and population health outcomes and enact prompt public health responses accordingly as the pandemic unfolds," the authors wrote.
"As the pandemic continues to unfold and populations in many places worldwide largely remain susceptible, understanding the severity, in particular, the IFR, is crucial for gauging the full impact of COVID-19 in the coming months or years," they wrote.
They also acknowledged the challenges of ascertaining the death risk elsewhere in the nation due to the large number of undocumented infections, fluctuating case detection rates, and inconsistent reporting of fatalities.
The total support available to eligible health care providers in 2020 will top $802M.
The Federal Communications Commission's Wireline Competition Bureau this week ordered that $197.9 million in unused funds from prior years be carried forward for the Rural Health Care Program.
The Rural Health Care Program funding cap for 2020 is $604.76 million. But the carry-forward pushes the total funds available to eligible providers to $802.74 million in 2020, the most in the program's history, the FCC said in a media release.
RHCP provides nonprofit rural providers with money to expand their telemedicine and high-speed broadband capacities. In recent years, demand for the funds has outstripped the funding cap, and the FCC moved two years ago to increase the funding cap, carryover funding, and adjust for inflation.
"In 2018, the FCC took swift action to ensure that the Rural Health Care Program better reflected the needs of and advances in connected care," FCC Chairman Ajit Pai said.
"Looking to the future, we gave providers more certainty by adjusting the cap annually for inflation and allowing unused funds from previous years to be carried forward," Pai said.
"And now, more than ever, our foresight is fortuitous, as telehealth is proving to be critical in our fight against COVID-19," Pai said, adding that the additional funding "speaks to the FCC's commitment to ensuring that rural healthcare providers can continue to serve their communities during this difficult time and well into the future."
The healthcare sector, once thought a recession-proof job making machine, has reported nearly 87,000 job losses in the first six months of 2020.
Healthcare jobs continued to rebound in June, with the sector reporting 358,000 "payroll additions" as the nation staggers back from the economic collapse brought on by the coronavirus pandemic, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported on Thursday.
The bulk of the jobs in June were in ambulatory services, which had been all but shuttered for three months this spring because of the pandemic. Gains in dentist, physician, and other healthcare provider offices accounted for 318,000 payroll additions.
Hospitals stemmed two months of job hemorrhages, with 6,700 new jobs in June, after losing 160,000 jobs in April and May.
Nursing homes reported 18,000 job losses in June.
June marks the second consecutive month of job growth for the healthcare sector, which suffered epic job losses in April owing to the coronavirus pandemic. In May, the sector saw 312,000 payroll additions, mostly in outpatient care venues.
The June job report largely reflects the state of the economy in mid-month, before the coronavirus surge in many parts of the nation prompted some state and local governments and some businesses to scale back their re-openings.
The June job numbers are considered preliminary and could be subject to considerable revision.
The healthcare sector, once thought a recession-proof job making machine, has reported nearly 87,000 job losses in the first six months of 2020. In that same span in 2019, the sector created 138,000 new jobs.
In the overall economy, BLS reported that payroll employment grew by 4.8 million in June, and the unemployment rate fell to 11.1%.
More than 2 million of the jobs gained in the larger economy were in the leisure and entertainment sector, which is now threatened with renewed disruption from the pandemic.
JAMA study estimates that 35% of excess deaths during pandemic's early months were tied to causes other than COVID-19.
Overall death rates in the United States rose significantly this spring in the first three months of the coronavirus pandemic.
However, COVID-19 accounts for only two-thirds of the estimated 87,000 excessive deaths tracked across the nation between March 1 and May 30, according to a research letter published Wednesday in JAMA Network.
In 14 states, including — California and Texas — more than half of the excess deaths were tied to an underlying cause other than COVID-19, said lead author Steven Woolf, MD, director emeritus of Virginia Commonwealth University's Center on Society and Health.
Woolf said the data suggest that the official COVID-19 death counts – currently surpassing 129,000 lives nationwide – underestimate the true death toll of the pandemic in the U.S.
"There are several potential reasons for this under-count," said Woolf, a professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Population Health atVCU School of Medicine. "Some of it may reflect under-reporting; it takes a while for some of these data to come in. Some cases might involve patients with COVID-19 who died from related complications, such as heart disease, and those complications may have been listed as the cause of death rather than COVID-19.
"But a third possibility, the one we're quite concerned about, is indirect mortality — deaths caused by the response to the pandemic," Woolf said. "People who never had the virus may have died from other causes because of the spillover effects of the pandemic, such as delayed medical care, economic hardship or emotional distress."
Deaths from causes other than COVID-19 spiked in Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York — particularly New York City — and Pennsylvania, the regions that also had the most COVID-19 deaths in March and April.
At COVID-19's peak for March and April, diabetes deaths in those five states rose 96% above the expected number of deaths when compared to the weekly averages in January and February of 2020. Deaths from heart disease (89%), Alzheimer's disease (64%) and stroke (35%) in those states also spiked.
New York City's death rates rose 398% from heart disease and 356% from diabetes, the study found.
Woolf said some of these deaths were likely indirectly caused by the pandemic among people suffering acute emergencies, such as a heart attack or stroke, who may have been afraid to go to a hospital.
Those who did seek emergency care may not have been able to get the treatment they needed, such as ventilator support, if the hospital was overwhelmed by the surge, he said.
Barsoum will lead HOPCo's efforts to transition and align stakeholders in the ongoing shift from volume-based to value-based care.
Former Cleveland Clinic CEO Wael Barsoum, MD, has been named president and chief transition officer at Healthcare Outcomes Performance Company, a Phoenix-based orthopedic practice and service line management company.
"The addition of Dr. Barsoum is a major milestone for us," said HOPCo Founder and CEO David Jacofsky, MD.
"Our executive team is comprised of some of the most forward-thinking minds in healthcare and Dr. Barsoum's history of innovation and commitment to value-based care makes him the ideal leader to assume this role," Jacofsky said.
During his six years as CEO and president of Cleveland Clinic Florida, Barsoum oversaw the health system's growth from a $600 million, single, 155-bed hospital system with nine remote sites to a $1.8 billion, 5-hospital, 1,083-bed tertiary and quaternary care hospital system with more than 40 regional sites.
Barsoum will lead HOPCo's efforts to transition and align stakeholders in the ongoing shift from volume-based to value-based care. He will also oversee HOPCo's musculoskeletal service line hospital integrations, musculoskeletal specialty hospitals, quality programs as well as operations.
"HOPCo has emerged as a strong leader in the musculoskeletal space," Barsoum said. "I am truly excited about the opportunity to help drive the national expansion of their proven value-based care and population health models."
Financial woes for the nation's hospitals are worsening as the coronavirus pandemic continues to surge.
The nation's hospitals, with flattened patient volumes because of the coronavirus pandemic, are projected to lose more than $20 billion a month for the rest of 2020, according to a new report today from the American Hospital Association.
According to the AHA report, Hospitals and health systems are reporting average inpatient volume declines of 19.5% and 34.5% in outpatient volume relative to 2019.
Many hospitals are reporting that they do not expect volumes to return to pre-pandemic levels for the rest of 2020.
"Hospitals and health systems are in the midst of the greatest financial crisis in our history, as we continue to fight this pandemic at the same time that non-COVID patient visits remain down,” AHA President and CEO Rick Pollack said in comments accompanying the report.
The federal government has already provided more than $170 billion in emergency funding for hospitals and health systems, but Pollack said that's not enough.
“While we appreciate the support to date from Congress and the Administration, this report clearly shows that we are not out of the woods. More action is needed urgently to support our nation’s hospitals and health systems and front-line staff,” he said.
As bad as the projected losses are, Pollack said the projections may still underrepresent the full damage inflicted on hospitals in 2020 because it does not account for the recent surge in COVID-19 cases in many parts of the country, and the potential for additional surges for the rest of the year.
Other expenses, such as increased acquisition costs for drugs and non-PPE supplies and equipment, are also not included in the AHA estimates. Nor do they include the long-term effects of the pandemic beyond 2020, AHA said.
Bayfront is one of several hospitals that CHS said it would sell as part of a years-long effort to shed about $1.6 billion in debt.
Debt-laden Community Health Systems, Inc. is selling its 480-bed Bayfront Health St. Petersburg to Orlando Health.
Financial terms were not disclosed.
Under a definitive agreement reached this week, Orlando Health will assume responsibility for the long-term lease and operations of the hospital. The lease transfer is subject to the consent of the St. Petersburg City Council, CHS said.
The deal is expected to close by September 30, subject to regulatory approvals.
For-profit, Franklin, Tennessee-based CHS Community Health Systems, Inc. owns, leases or operates 99 hospitals in 17 states, and after the sale of Bayfront St. Pete, the company will have 13 hospitals in Florida.
Private, not-for-profit Orlando Health is based in Orlando and operates six hospitals and a cancer center in south central Florida.
Bayfront was one of several hospitals that CHS said it would sell during the company's first quarter 2020 call as part of a years-long hospital sell-off to shed about $1.6 billion in debt.
CHS has been mired in debt since its ill-advised $7.6 billion acquisition of Florida-based hospital operator Health Management Associates, Inc. in 2014. CHS also shelled out $260 million in a settlement with the Department of Justice for alleged misconduct done by HMA prior to the acquisition.
CHS stock, which had traded for about $53 a share in 2015, was trading for $2.80 a share on Friday.
Trump claims "BIG VICTORY for patients." The plaintiffs, led by the American Hospital Association, will appeal the ruling.
A federal judge on Tuesday delivered a ringing victory for the Trump administration in a ruling that upheld a final rule mandating hospital price transparency.
"BIG VICTORY for patients – Federal court UPHOLDS hospital price transparency," President Donald J. Trump tweeted after U.S. District Judge Carl J. Nichols rejected an American Hospital Association-led attempt to strike down the final rule, which was issued last November.
"Patients deserve to know the price of care BEFORE they enter the hospital. Because of my action, they will. This may very well be bigger than healthcare itself. Congratulations America!," Trump tweeted.
The plaintiffs, American Hospital Association, and three other hospital associations, said they will appeal the ruling.
"We are disappointed in (Tuesday's) decision in favor of the administration's flawed proposal to mandate disclosure of privately negotiated rates," AHA General Counsel Melinda Hatton said.
"The proposal does nothing to help patients understand their out-of-pockets costs. It also imposes significant burdens on hospitals at a time when resources are stretched thin and need to be devoted to patient care," she said.
The final rule—which takes effect on January 1, 2021, one year later than initially proposed—requires hospitals to provide patients with easily accessible information about gross changes, payer-specific negotiated charges, discounted cash prices, and "deidentified" minimum and maximum negotiated charges.
The final rule also mandates that hospitals publicly display negotiated charges for 300 "shoppable services" on their websites in a consumer-friendly manner.
The plaintiffs—AHA, the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), the Children's Hospital Association (CHA), and the Federation of American Hospitals (FAH), and three individual hospitals—had argued, among other things, that the final rule is "arbitrary and capricious," and that the requirement that hospitals publish negotiated rates with insurers violates the First Amendment and oversteps the government's legal authority.
Nichols, appointed to the federal bench in June 2019 by Trump, dismissed those claims.
He noted that the final rule is legal under provisions of section 2718(e) of the Public Health Service Act, which pertains to disclosure of "standard hospital charges"; section 2718(b)(3) of the PHS Act, which pertains to enforcement; and section 1102(a) of the Social Security Act, which gives the HHS secretary general authority to establish rules and regulations as necessary.
Ironically, the PHS Act provisions cited in the rules were amended by the Affordable Care Act, which the Trump administration argues should be invalidated in its entirety.
Nichols also rejected the plaintiffs' claims that disclosing negotiated rates could thwart their efforts to obtain more favorable contracts that would ultimately benefit consumers.
"The Rule requires only the publication of the final agreed-upon price—which is also provided to each patient in the insurance-provided explanation of benefits—and not any information about the negotiations themselves," he wrote.
"Plaintiffs are essentially attacking transparency measures generally, which are intended to enable consumers to make informed decisions," he wrote, "naturally, once consumers have certain information, their purchasing habits may change, and suppliers of items and services may have to adapt accordingly."
Hatton said Nichols' ruling was "premised on the erroneous conclusion that the 'standard charges' referenced in current law can be interpreted to include rates negotiated with third-party payers."
"While the Court ruled that this was a close call, that conclusion clearly does not reflect the experience of hospitals and health care systems. The AHA will appeal this decision and seek expedited review," she said.
The regulatory reductions are expected to save providers $6.6 billion and 42 million unnecessary burden hours through 2021, CMS said.
"The work of this new office will be targeted to help reduce unnecessary burden, increase efficiencies, continue administrative simplification, increase the use of health informatics, and improve the beneficiary experience," CMS Administrator Seema Verma said.
To determine where to trim red tape, CMS relied on input from 10 Requests for Information, along with listening sessions, site visits, feedback from more than 2,500 providers, clinicians, administrative staff, and beneficiaries, and 15,000 comments from various stakeholders.
Removed 235 data elements from 33 items on the Outcomes and Assessment Information Set assessment instrument for home health.
Established within the Quality Payment Program consolidated data submission for the Merit-based Incentive Payment System, removing a requirement that clinicians submit data in multiple systems.
Eliminated 79 measures under the Meaningful Measures Initiative, resulting in projected savings of $128 million and an anticipated reduction of 3.3 million burden hours through 2020.
Accelerated processing state requests to make program or benefit changes to their Medicaid programs through the state plan amendment and section 1915 waiver.
The Office of Burden Reduction and Health Informatics will also focus on creating efficiencies for health informatics, particularly as it relates to interoperability and leveraging new technology and automation to create new tools that allow patients to "own" their personal health data.
The emergency declaration is scheduled to expire on July 25, but hospitals say the status should be extended until key metrics are met.
The nation's hospitals are calling on the federal government to extend the coronavirus public health emergency that's set to expire next month, as providers in many parts of the nation grapple with COVID-19 hotspots and a recent sharp uptick in new cases.
"While not all areas of the country are seeing large numbers of COVID-19 patients, every hospital and health system is operating in a COVID-19 environment, requiring continued assistance from the federal government," American Hospital Association President and CEO Richard J. Pollack said in a letter to Health and Human Services Secretary Alex M. Azar.
"Remarkable progress in combating this pandemic continues to be made and now is not the time to pull back, but rather reinforce the need for a strong response from America’s hospitals and health systems as we work through the coming months," Pollack said.
No time frame was given for the extension of the emergency declaration, which Azar announced on January 31. Instead, Pollock offered four metrics that should be met before the emergency is lifted.
The supply chain is able to meet demand for personal protective equipment, lab testing supplies, and COVID-19 medications.
The number of lab tests administered nationwide exceeds 500,000 per day, and the number of COVID-19-positive tests is equal to or fewer than 5,000 per day for at least two weeks.
The number of patients in ICU beds nationwide is fewer than 5,000 per day for two weeks, and no more than 10% of those patients are in any one city or region.
The number of deaths per day from COVID-19 nationally is fewer than 500 for two weeks.
The AHA estimates that hospitals are losing about $50 billion a month, owing to the shutdown of elective and non-emergency services mandated by the pandemic.
Since the emergency was declared in January, the federal government has provided about $170 billion in relief for hospitals and other care providers during the pandemic.
"We are hopeful that one of the vaccine candidates currently in development will successfully complete all necessary trial phases," Pollack said. "However, until we reach that moment, our members, with your continued assistance and waiver flexibility, will remain ready and prepared to manage any future COVID-19 surges."
