A Fortune 500 pharmaceutical company raised its drug prices, and then board members and executives received phone calls threatening violence. A health care company's board meeting was disrupted after board members were targeted in "swatting" attacks that wrongly sent law enforcement officers to their homes. These incidents happened before the fatal shooting of Brian Thompson, UnitedHealthcare's chief executive, in Midtown Manhattan on Wednesday. The police had not offered a motive for the shooting as of Thursday night, or said it was related to Mr. Thompson's work in the insurance industry. The killing, however, stunned business leaders, some of whom were already concerned about safety. Over the last five years, there has been a sharp rise in targeted attacks, digital and offline, of executives and their families.